Effects of Luteolin and Apigenin Phytochemicals on Breast Cancer

Abstract

In recent years, research on the effects of phytochemicals on health and disease has been increasing, and one of the most researched topics is cancer. Breast cancer is characterized by abnormal growth of breast cells and is classified according to its response to hormone. This classification affects the direction and course of treatment. Luteolin and apigenin are phytochemicals in flavones and are commonly consumed in vegetables. The anti-cancer properties of both luteolin and apigenin have been investigated. This study aimed to review the biochemical pathways through which luteolin and apigenin phytochemicals affect breast cancer. For this purpose, studies examining the effects of luteolin and apigenin on apoptosis, metastasis and angiogenesis and studies on the addition of luteolin and apigenin to treatment were compiled by reviewing the literature. Studies have shown that luteolin may affect apoptosis through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, while apigenin may affect apoptosis through the extrinsic pathway. Luteolin and apigenin have been found to show different effects in different cells and affect angiogenesis and metastasis. Cell and animal studies have shown that luteolin and apigenin may be effective at the molecular level in breast cancer and may increase the efficacy of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy. Further research and clinical trials are needed in this regard.