Is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Severity Related with Anthropometric Measurements and Body Composition?

Abstract

Aim: Genetic and environmental factors, inadequate and unbalanced nutrition, lack of physical activity cause obesity and affect on body composition. Therefore, it is reported that obesity may be associated with Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, some types of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In this study, it was aimed to examine the body composition and some anthropometric measurements of individuals who have different OSAS classification. Subjects and Methods: This research was carried out on 105 patients (74 males, 31 females), diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), aged 19-64 years, in Sleep Disorders Center of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine. The measurements of body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, neck circumference were taken and body composition analyses were obtained. Results: In this study, the ratio of individuals whose BMI ≥30 kg/m2 was 60.0%. The percentage of obesity was found to be 48.4%, 56.7% and 70.5% in patients with mild, moderate and severe OSAS, respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) and neck circumference (cm) values with severe OSAS were found higher than moderate OSAS in male (p<0.05). In women, the mean waist circumferences, BMI and body fat percentages were found higher in severe OSAS than mild OSAS (p<0.05). Apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was correlated with fat mass (kg) in males (r=0.327) and BMI in females (r=0.505) more than the other anthropometric measurements. Oxygen saturation (SaO2) was found higher correlated with body fat percentage in males (r=0.472) and fat mass in females (r=0.717) than the other anthropometric measurements. Conclusion: It was concluded that body composition parameters were related to OSAS. The percentage of obesity was found to be higher in individuals with OSAS. The correlation between body composition and some anthropometric measurements were different according to gender and OSAS severity.