The Role and Importance of Nutrition in Space Missions: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Nutrition in space has been continuously researched and developed since the beginning of space missions. Nutrition is important for astronauts both in terms of meeting physiological needs and maintaining mental health. Today, with the development of technology, the food consumed in space varies from frozen foods to fresh products. The special conditions of the space environment, such as microgravity, prolonged exposure to radiation and changes in physical activity status, affect the energy and nutrient requirements of individuals. Adequate intake of energy and nutrients such as protein, vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, zinc and antioxidants are very important. However, there is an inverse relationship between nutrition and resource use. While ensuring adequate nutrition, issues such as food transport and storage, shelf life, food supply and waste disposal should be carefully considered.