The Relationship Between Bariatric Surgical Practices and Gut Microbiota: The Effect of Probiotic and Prebiotic Use

Abstract

Obesity prevalence is increasing every passing day. Obesity treatment includes lifestyle changes with diet and exercise, medications and surgical interventions. Bariatric surgery is regarded as one of the most effective methods used in obesity treatment when applied to eligible people. Bariatric surgery contributes to both body weight loss and metabolic recoveries. Gut microbiota, which becomes positively different after bariatric surgery, is now considered to be one of many mechanisms explaining the useful clinical outcomes of bariatric surgery and is accepted to be an endocrine organ playing a role in preserving the energy homeostasis and host immunity. Bariatric surgery partially recovers gut microbiota dysbiosis observed during obesity. However, the use of probiotics and prebiotics after bariatric surgical practices helps the microbiota be modified faster and thus affects clinical outcomes positively. In order to prevent weight gain and minimize metabolic problems in the long term after bariatric surgery, the use of probiotics and prebiotics may have a positive effect.