Nutrition Therapy in Diabetic Individuals with Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKF) is a state of permanent decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that will cause established changes in kidney functions. This status usually occurs when GFR decreases below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is characterized with irreversible loss of renal functions and this constitutes a clinical state that requires renal replacement treatments such as dialysis and transplantation in order to be protected from harmful and life threatening effects of uremia. Diabetic nephropathy, is the first leading cause of end stage renal diseases. Diabetic nephropathy is a clinical condition that results in end-stage renal failure characterized by abnormal albumin / protein excretion in the urine, progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate, hypertension (HT) accompanied by decreasing renal function, and increased cardiovascular risk factors. Control of blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids and medical nutrition therapy, especially the control of dietary protein in diabetic nephropathy, increases the quality of life of patients.