The Effect of Different Diet Models on Gut Microbiota

Abstract

Gut microbiota, which has recently become a popular topic, is now described as an organ of the body. Many factors such as age, genetics, nutrition, physical activity affect gut microbiota. Diet, as the leading factor, affect the number and diversity of beneficial or harmful bacterial species. There are different diet models such as Mediterranean diet, vegetarian diet, gluten free diet, high protein diet, Paleo diet, low carbohydrate diet, fasting diets. These diet models have an impact on the organism by influencing bacterial metabolites, inflammation indicators, intestinal permeability, oxidative stress, gut homeostasis and dysbiosis, as well as number and diversity of bacteria. In this review, the possible effects of different diet models on the gut microbiota are discussed.